The physiology of stress, including general adaptation syndrome, the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal system, the sympathomedullary pathway and the role of cortisol

The role of stress in illness, including reference to immunosuppression and cardiovascular disorders

Measuring stress: self-report scales (Social Readjustment Ratings Scale and Hassles and Uplifts Scale) and physiological measures, including skin conductance response

Individual differences in stress: personality types A, B and C and associated behaviours; hardiness, including commitment, challenge and control